Introduction to Fiqh Part 5

Alfie Kohn Bismillah R Rahman Rahim al hamdu Lillahi Rabbil alameen wa Salatu was Salam ala rasulillah. While early he was happy he was seldom at the Sleeman kathira Elijah Medina back.

Oh praise belongs to Allah subhanho wa Taala, who has brought us together at Henry LA for our third session and we ask Allah subhanho wa Taala. To make the session a session of Baraka and the session of me, we ended off last session discussing the concept of EMA and the concept of the statement of habit and before that, we discuss the stages of development. And we delved into the first two Alhamdulillah, when we discuss the fuqaha of the Sahaba. We mentioned the armor of the Allahu and we didn't mention Abu Bakar of the Lahore and that doesn't mean Abu Bakr of the Allah and was not a *y. Remember, we said that there were over 100 from the Sahaba who were fuqaha. But what we

didn't mention were those that were known for passing the most Fatah right. That's what we mentioned, the names that we mentioned were those that were known for passing the most Fatah, Abubakar, the other one was the fact he was busy with the Islamic empire after the death of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam as you know, and passed away not so long after the death of the Prophet salallahu alayhi wasallam so those are the reasons it doesn't mean he wasn't a *ing pipe question What is the difference between EMR and polar sahab? What is the difference between EMR and our sahab? Who can answer that particular question? Who is going to stand up with the region now?

Okay, I didn't want you to read but it's better because I let you carry on because when you put your hand up I saw this amazing ease fall on the faces of tourists that were sitting at the back there so I said halus our Sharia is built on alleviating difficulty so let's leave it at that. What is the all of us are happy Okay, tell me the difference what's the difference between the two Don't tell me what both our is what is the underlying difference? It's good try it's a good try. So it didn't really explain the difference but it was a good try vertical avec don't take any offense. That's why I asked you permission. You look like a Mashallah very smiley person and you from Leicester and I'm

from Leicester, we brothers, anyone else want to try to find them stand up? Mashallah, and speak like a lion.

So that's the underlying difference. Vertical avec Iijima is an underlying agreement upon a view by all the major heads of a type. And the owners have his statement of once I have the understand, because the heavy is the HDR one Sahabi. He did this he had he came up with the vehicles This is my fatwa. It doesn't necessarily mean all the others have agreed that that is the view. But it is when they all come together discuss a matter and they take a view which all of them agree is the view in that matter. That is each month. So each month is consensus. And the policy hub is a statement of one. Okay, characteristics of at the time, at the second phase, the establishment of at the time of

this habit of your level. Number one was based on actual problems that arose from real situations that's clear, right, was based on actual problems that arose from real situations. So it wasn't a case again, where they were saying what if this happens? And what if that happens? What will be the ruling if this was supposed to happen? Imagine if that now they weren't doing any of that a situation arose a real situation and that situation needed an answer, right? And then he had was done like normally. The other one was taking the Muslims to another land. And news came that there is a plague in that land. So

he did he had that was a real situation that happened. And he needed a real ruling people stopped and say what should we do? Should we go or should we go back? Should we carry on to this plague city with which has a disease in it? Or should we go back? And the other one said let's go back. So somebody shouted out and said you have Vanessa pub de la? Are you running away from the color of Allah? Look at the flick of Omar. He said yes, I'm running away from the color of Allah to the color of Allah. So that was the moment so he they came up with situations based upon the need. That's one characteristic number two, there was great reliance on mutual consultation. The Sahaba used to have

this HDI the GMAT, and this was also common amongst the enemies and is well known for this concept of Shura in deducing rulings, which makes the Hanafi madhhab different to the other Medina and we'll discuss that just now. So the Sahaba would seek advice. Abubakar, as I said, when they asked him about the inheritance of the grandmother, did he not go out and ask Did anyone hear anything? Right. So they would seek advice? Also, there were a few differences of opinion because of this concept of Sure. Yes, they defend. But when we say few differences of opinion, we saying in comparison to the differences of opinion that arose at the time of the tabulation. And at the time of the advance tab,

if we compare the number of differences of opinion to the differences of opinion at the time of the tabulation and at the back, they will feel why because they practice this concept of Sure. Right, and discussing with each other Oh,

So one of the characteristics from this time in terms of at the time of the Sahaba was the great respect for differences of opinion. They respected each other. It wasn't blown out war, because you didn't see my view as it is there was they respected and there's countless examples, like, for example, when they were going to buy new Corolla, as I spoke to you earlier, and they differed, when should we read Serato? Last, there wasn't a difference of opinion. Yes, it was, did they fight over now, some of the companions did what they thought was based on evidence, and the others did what they thought was based on evidence, and then they clarified later, they didn't let that become a

means of animosity between the believers to open the door for Chapin to cause further sadness in the hearts of the believers. So this is a very important point that we should be people that tolerate. And remember I said that from the fundamentals of studying this particular subject, is to grow our abilities to tolerate especially less than you living in Leicester, how many different massages do you have? How many different mazahub do you have, right? And it's important for the believers to not allow differences, to cause great divisions that even stop you from recognizing the Islam of your fellow Muslim brother, and stop you recognizing the fact that he has rights over you, as a person

who has declared the oneness of Allah subhanho wa Taala and accepted the prophecy of Mohammed Abdullah, Abdullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, they have rights, they have rights and who cook, right. So it's very important that we understand that difference has never ever brought a party. In fact, it brought them closer because it taught us that this is from the added Mercy of Allah subhanho wa Taala upon us that sometimes there's two views. And both are based on evidence. And in some circumstances, you have no choice but to follow a view that is different than a view that you thought is more correct. And in following that there was ease upon the oma there was a way out of

hamdulillah. Sometimes you have impossible situations, sometimes you have impossible situations, but we don't want to delve into the nitty gritties of it, because that will confuse us more. And that is a battle that an ocean that has no port really, we delve into the nitty gritties. But for those who continue studying knowledge, study, the books are filled with a reputable scholar from beginning to end. And you yourself will see how little we know and how intricate The science is. And yet still with those intricacies. It's so practical, also, at the time of the Sahaba. As we established one of the characteristics was that they use personal reasoning and he had to derive rulings because we

know that there's something called town right out of sahab important to note that after the death of Omar Abdullah and the Sahaba began to spread out from Medina, right, this is an important note because they're spreading sort of added to the diversity in fixed development in the eras that came after the era of this habit. So I want you to take note of this after your loved one passed away. There's a habas left Medina not all some, so we fight even about some of your love and humor settled in Makkah and earlier of the Allahu and, and even miss Rudra, viola who are unsettled in Iraq, and there's a demon tabet and Abdullah ibn Omar Allahumma. They remained in Medina, so did I show the

Allahu Allah how the remains of the Sahaba. So, so others settled in other countries, I've just mentioned to you the most important one, there's a wisdom behind me telling you about Iraq and Mecca and Medina. So keep that in memory plus memory palace. Okay, so basically some of the habits left after the death of a loved one, then with that, we can move on to look at the time of the Tabby. So put your thinking caps on again, because we're starting a new journey. And it's important that you bring forward that which we said about fifth at the time of the Sahaba so you can appreciate at the time of the tabulation, are we ready at the time of the tablet is also an important era. Now look at

the time of the tablet in is sort of an extended period to the era of this habit of the allow, okay, and this era is unique in that two famous mattresses came into existence at this time. Now pay attention very important, because everything from here comes back to these mattresses. Two important mattresses came into effect at this time, there was the madrasa of La jazz, which was in Makkah and Medina and then we have the madrasa of Iraq. Iraq was Muslim place now more challenges. We have the address of Iraq. This should make us appreciate the dilemma of Iraq even Masood and Ali robiola and home, Ibrahim and nihari and Hamad bin Abu Sulayman and Abu hanifa. rahima. Houma la Jamia by Yep.

So we had the madressa of Iraq, and we had the madressa of hedges, obviously Madras of Iraq was way in Iraq. Right. And the metres of hedges was in Mecca and Medina. Now who was the share of the madrasa in El Hijo is the Messiah, of the madrasa of the jazz was none other than even our best there'll be a level and Homer that's in Mecca. Right. Remember we said even a bass after the death of Omar De La Hoya and went to Mecca.

So he was the chair of madressa of hedges in Makkah, and the share of the madrasa of hedges in Medina was even Omar rhodiola. And humans, a demon tabet rhodiola one and the other companions that were in Medina said important to notice, because told you that they produce students that spread. So if we understand who taught them, we'll understand why they had particular views. It's very important. It's all connected. It's all connected, like the bones of a fish, right to study that fish diagram, right? For those who are studying management and isn't it all the bones of the fish are connected, they all have a purpose and reason. So the reason why I'm shifting you from stage to

stage is for you to understand how they were fundamental shifts in the rulings based on the teachers of the schools. Okay, so if we look at Mecca, and from the famous students of even our best or the Allahu anhu man we find from them was powerless, and it crema, and so he'd been eligible, and the famous Mujahideen Jabba who was a scholar of tafsir have they been our best or the Allahu and Homer, these were the famous students of our best. And then in Medina, there were icons that were created by the Sahaba. And from these famous students who carried him through in this period in the School of jazz, which was in Medina, the famous students of tomorrow the Allahu and Houma and zaytoven

Sabbath was nevsehir Mola, Norma very famous see him in the books of Nasir Mola

Mola, Norma? Right, the fee slave of even oma. So now there was the famous student of economics, and sorry, the blue Messiah who was from the keeper of the tabula rasa yet if he said the Hadith, and he didn't mention the Sahaba, who told him he was so respected that Imam Shafi would accept his howdy sorry, Musa Yep, so right so for example, there's something called musen Hadith mozal Hadith refers to a Tabby in saying the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said such and such, and he doesn't mention the Sahaba who told him now there are different and the difference of opinion regarding the acceptance of this hadith. The acceptance of this hadith is also a reason of difference of opinion

between the mother is for those who are quick to criticize the mother I understand that this intricate issue was a means of difference of opinion between the compound is the Hanafi madhhab would accept a person in the third century of Islam as long as they were in the first three centuries. If they said the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said they will accept the Hadith. The Shafi said we won't accept the Hadith unless it's from the Kibera Tavi, like sorry, diplomacy, you understand? And if you say look, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam purified the first three generations hydrocone bernita man Lavina Luna home from Allah de Luna. So the Prophet

sallallahu alayhi wa sallam purified these three generations so if anyone from the first three generations, says the Hadith and says the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said then we will accept it. So someone from the third century of Islam could narrate a hadith marcellin without mentioning the Sahaba who narrated the Hadith the hanafis would accept you then they'll build the ruling upon the head, but the shaffir is would not accept it and they wouldn't build a ruling upon their head if thus you have difference of opinion they understand also from the icons was Salim, even Abdullah even Omar Salim even Abdullah even armor rhodiola one he also was from the famous

students that were developed in the madrasa and he has in Medina Marcel Hadith is when a person reads the Hadith and he doesn't mention the companion who told him so a tabula he says the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said there's something known as marble Heidi that's something else. But Marcel Hadith refers to a person who script saying that so and so from the Sahaba told me that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam told him such and such and such he just says, The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, so now there's a difference of opinion, do we regard this as something attributed to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam or not they differ with each Jihad

selalu issue here, which caused a difference of opinion. Okay, and there were others also from this madressa that were considered oceans in terms of knowledge, and inshallah these three suffice and when you carry on studying today, you will study the oceans of knowledge that were produced by Omar and zedi metabones and others in Medina robiola. So in Macau, we had the students have been our best. And in Medina, we had the students of Abraham are unsaved, even sabot, and others are of the Allahu anhu madman. And then we have Iraq and the Madras of Iraq. And we'll come to that. So this madressa, meaning the madrasa of E jazz was known for its strong reliance upon narrated evidences,

that's why it was also called madrasa

madrasa.

The murasaki jazz was called madressa Hello Heidi is relied heavily upon narrated evidences without any rhyme or opinion being used in working with the evidences okay. So that is madressa alhaja madressa, also known as madressa. So we done with Marissa Tejas, let's go now to Iraq. We catch in the first class

ticket, and we're flying way to Iraq. Let's go see what's happening there. So in Iraq, we have, even with Robbie Allahu Allah, and he was the sheriff of Iraq. And for your information, even Massoud conservative considered himself the student of Omar Abdullah. And he did, he would say, if people would shed one Valley and it will have said another very, I would set the value of a pub. Now we know a pub was here. Omar Hydra he used to us and he would deduce rulings based on opinion and we know that the Quran came down and matched several of his views and his rules are the Allahu anhu regimen. So we have Abdullah bin Massaro it's a great Sahabi in Iraq and he also produced icons open

the books are filled and you find them and by Allah they were heavyweights, if we can call them heavyweights Okay, so Abdullah haven was was a means of Alabama it been a walk cos and Ibrahim Inari and others and others. I have to say that so you all go and do your own research. You don't just take it space spoon, spoon feed Khosla now are hungry lacorte books, they they are good books, even in the English language dealing with the development of I'm sure you know a lot of them. Now it's reason for you to pick them up and read them. Mashallah. So from Iraq, we had even Massoud and he was the teacher of our class and the teacher of Ibrahim and nihari. And Ibrahim an athlete would

have met him in episode a man and hammer even episode a man taught Abu hanifa Norman and then you have the Hanafi must have come about