Introduction to Fiqh Part 3

Bismillah al Rahman al Rahim al hamdu Lillah wa salatu salam ala rasulillah, who Allah Allah He or Sahih, or Manuela de all Salaam Alaikum, wa Rahmatullahi wa barakaatuh. All pieces belong to Allah subhanho wa Taala, especially for allowing us to complete session one. And in session one, we discussed the meaning of IP from both a linguistic and technical Avenue. And we said that we actually broke down the technical definition of word by word, and explain the relevance of each word as it existed in that particular definition. And we bore witness to the relevance of those words in the definition, and highlight many a time that these definitions are important, so that we actually

know everything that is inclusive, and understand everything, which is exclusive. So that's important because we got to know what we're dealing with. And remember, we said knowledge is having an understanding, right? So now you have an understanding of what it is, which is the server, and we discussed the rulings of studying. So now it's the stick, right? You understand what it is, you know exactly what the allameh of Fiq are talking about when they say if you will, I can assure you, Maria and Muslim bottom in Adelaide, Australia, right. And you understand the Islamic ruling regarding that which I just said, or the study of that, which I just said, which means now you have

Hamdulillah, you all are certified, you are certified knowers of what is Allah subhanho wa Taala increase your knowledge. For this particular session, I want to jump into what is commonly known as the stages of the stages of luck. So, when I talk about stages or phases, they are actually referring to the planets development and how it flowered and the phases that it went through in its flowering. Now, some of the scholars in the books of Terry aluk, the books that deal with the history of the site, six stages, and some site seven, right, the majority site six, and some site, seven, for our sitting, we're not going to delve into all of these stages, we're only going to delve

into the development of up to the time of the presence of the Mazda hypothec. Right, because that's what we that is the one of the objectives of our sitting to understand how the mothership came about. And as I said, that we've only managed to put together well, if we have time, we'll go through them the Hambali and Geoffrey must have, but I don't see us or foresee us having that time. And inshallah what we will take will be beneficial for the time that we sit together, but inshallah we will have a part two and part three and in part two, and part three, we will do is deal with the other levels of fixed development, as well as take the other two mazahub. So very briefly, I'm going

to share with you the titles of the stages that we will take so stage one is known as foundation stage one is known as foundation. So stage one of six development, the allameh have called the foundational stage, what does the foundational stage comprise of? Well, it comprises of the era of our beloved Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam from the time when he became a prophet until the 11th, after his until his death sallallahu alayhi wasallam. So the first stage of development is known as the foundational stage. And this stage encompasses the life of Muhammad Abdullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam from the time when he became a prophet to the time when he passed away, which was

in the 11th, year after stage two is called the establishment stage, the establishment stage. And the establishment stage comprises of the era of the whole affair, or Rashi, Dune from the death of our beloved Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam until the 40 of the hitcher until the 40th year after hegira. And this stage is known as the establishment stage from the death of Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wasallam until the 40s after his death, so that was the era of the rightly guided Holika. Then we have stage three and stage three has been named the building stage, it has been termed the building stage and the building stage, we can say began from the founding of the Umayyad dynasty in

the 40s of the hitter until the year 132 until the year 132, after hitter, so it started in the year 40 after hitter, and we can say ended in the year 142 after hitter, so it started with the advent of the Romanian dynasty. Then we have stage four. Then we have stage four. stage four is the flowering phase, the flowering phase, and

This phase began with the rise of the a bastard Empire in the middle of the eighth century, not the Islamic century. But the which century the sea the Gregorian century well done. So the eighth century A Gregorian century. And it lasted to the beginning of its decline, which was around the 10th century we talking about the Gregorian century. So it lasted from the eighth to the 10th. So, this is stage four, stage four came about with the rise of the best dynasty and lasted till around the 10th century. Then we have stage five and stage five is considered the consolidation phase, the consolidation phase. So, very quickly we had the foundation, then the establishment of then

flowering and being built, and then it really flowering, and then the consolidation phase which is stage five, and the consolidation of what happened with the decline of the Basset dynasty from about 350 years after his era, which was around 950 or in the 10th century Grigorian to the murder of the last a Basset Khalif at the hands of the Mongols in the middle of the 13th century. So that's called the consolidation phase. So once again, that phase began with the decline of the ambassade dynasty, which was around 950 C, right, maybe 960 960 C, and it lasted to the murder of the last Ambassador relief at the hands of the Mongols, and that was in the middle of the 13th century. See that clear,

when we have stage six, stage six and this is known as the stagnation phase and decline of its development. So it sort of reached a peak. And then in stage six, we saw taking a dive, and this was from the loss of Baghdad in the 656 after his era, which was around 1250 or 1260 ce to the middle of the 19th century to the middle of the 19th century CE II. So fix sort of took a dive from the 13th century CE II until the 19th century see right is known as stagnation and inshallah when we sit for phase two and phase three, I got to keep you guys intrigued right. So you do come back, when I come back, we will delve into the details of why it was called stagnation and decline in why it was

called consolidation and why it was called flowering and so on and so forth. We will discuss that in greater detail. ask Allah subhanho wa Taala to grant us a preserve our life in his obedience inshallah we will meet together alone take us away before we meet together and cover what we need to cover inshallah. I mean, so basically started taking a decline in terms of his development. And this happened in the 13th century CE II up to the 19th century. So from the loss of Baghdad, for the history writers 656 of the HR, it began declining at 656. So in the seventh century of the hijra, then some of the dilemma added a stage seven, and they say stage seven is called as we have it

today, or the revival of luck, okay, that's what they say. So inshallah we will discuss around the first three stages of its development for our particular sitting together. Now, stage one, which is at the time of our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. So put that as a heading, because now we are delving into a little bit more detail regarding stage one, at the time of our beloved Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam. As we said, it was from the beginning of revelation until the 11th, year after he Jolla, which we can say in Gregorian six odein up to 630. To see during this phase, the sources of the Sharia or the Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was

present. When people had questions they would ask and revelation would come, and our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam would answer and the revelation might have been in the form of Al Quran, or it might have been in the form of inspiration to our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam, which we know is the Sunnah, because nothing that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam said with regards to Dean with regards to religion, it's important we understand this because sometimes the orientalist try and confuse us because they say the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam once advised the farmers to do something and when they followed his advice, the dates became spoilt. So they say what kind of

revelation was that he wasn't receiving revelation that had nothing to do with religion. That's why he told him and Tibet and then we'll be madonia coming when they came to him and said, What have our plants have become spoiled? The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, Do what you know is best because you have more you are more knowledgeable of the field that you are in. He was merely offering what we would say today our six Pence, right? He wasn't telling them anything about religion. So he was a human being like yourself and myself and he could make mistakes but in religion, he could never make mistakes because

was protected by Allah subhanho wa Taala. So nothing that he said with regards to religion was from himself. Everything was watching from Allah subhanho wa Taala and Allah subhanho wa Taala testifies to this particular point when he said jelajah laloux. 1 million

in Hawaii law you have the nothing that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said was from himself was from his desires, and was from his thoughts, but indeed it was why it was nothing but revelation from Allah subhanho wa Taala. So revelation can be a revelation can be an inspiration, and it is not Father jabril alehissalaam who teach the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam in a form that was not considered the Quran. He visited the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam one says in the form of a human being to teach us the five pillars of Islam and the six pillars of Eman and some of the signs of the AMA. And he said by the prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, I asked him about

these pillars, right? And the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam answered and at the end, what did the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam say he came to teach you your religion. But was that Quran? No. Right? So basically when a situation arose, or they asked the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam about something Allah subhanho wa Taala educated him. Allah subhanho wa Taala educated him so this was beautiful. This was beautiful and we know in the Quran, Allah subhanho wa Taala time and time again says why is Luna and Luna and Luna I need hungry? Well mesa is a Luna conidia Tama is a Luna come as a unicorn. Right? Allah subhanho wa Taala says they asked you concerning the orphans, they

asked you concerning what from the wealth should they spend? they asked you concerning about gambling and alcohol and Allah subhanho wa Taala tells him he tells his prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam tell them such and such, tell them such and such, right? Where's our Luna Candle Company? Well, mais here kullfi Hema moon kabiru woman if you're old enough to tell them that in it is a great sin, and it is benefit for mankind. This was Allah subhanho wa Taala His revelation before alcohol became totally forbidden. Right? And that's another science that we need to study the gradual revelation of the Sharia how Allah subhanho wa Taala nurtured the oma, that is the first

revelations dealt with aqidah he didn't come and say leave Riba and leave alcohol and so on and so forth. Allah subhanho wa Taala built a man in the people, and when the man was shining through and they were people of summit and our partner we have heard and we have obeyed. Thus Allah subhanho wa Taala revealed laws that fixed their situation. And Allah subhanho wa Taala did it gradually, to bring them in nice and easy for our Sherry takes pride that it's built upon the concept of reform. The Sharia is built upon the concept of alleviating difficulty. And ask let us ask ourselves, how we have become built upon the concept of making things difficult in society, in our homes with our

schools with our so we should take guidance from Allah subhanho wa Taala and how he nurtured us. So this was fifth at the time of our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, Allah subhanho wa Taala as messenger was the sole authorized interpreter and practical guide, how he explained something that was the reference, if he said that Allah subhanho wa Taala means by this this particular point, that was the reference and that was correct. So for example, when Allah subhanho wa Taala revealed an ayah, about oppression, they said, and which one of us is free from oppressing others, that means we have no choice. Then the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam explained to them that Allah subhanho wa

Taala means by oppression here, Kufa, he means by it cover, which is this belief. Thus, they took a direct lesson from Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wasallam, regarding the meaning of volume in that particular ayah. And that was the reference for it. Right? people understood this is the meaning and there's no doubt regarding that particular meaning. During this phase, as I said to you, revelation was gradual, and on the spot as per need. Nobody was sitting around and saying, what if, what if, what if, what if that came later, right? People live their lives and when situations arose the asked as per meet. So this was one of the important points regarding this particular phase. And the end of

legislation with regards to this particular phase happened with the death of Mohammed salallahu alayhi wasallam. Now, did he have this is the question that needs to be asked, Did he How do we know he had his personal reasoning, where you apply yourself and you research and it takes from you energy? That's why it's called Etihad, you apply bezalel as the dilemma of a pseudo say that a person strives and utilizes his abilities to deduce a ruling in the Sharia. Did this exist at the time of Mohammed? Abdullah Salalah alayhi wa sallam did this exist at the time of Muhammad Ali Abdullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was the cases where there was he had, well, there is a

discussion in the books of a pseudo VIP and then

Discussion falls under the category did our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam observe he had some of trilemma say yes, some of them I say no, the correct opinion and Allah subhanho wa Taala knows best is yes. However, this discussion sometimes might feel a bit futile because whatever our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said at the end with regards to religion, we know is the essence of Deen because Allah subhanho wa Taala made him free from sin, and free from mistake with regards to religion. So it might feel a bit futile whether it was HD hard or whatever the fact that he said it, and it's attributed to him authentically, then there is no dispute regarding the validity of what he

said. However, he did, he had exist amongst the companions we talking about, at the time of Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wasallam when jabril le Salam would come down with the revelation and the answer to everything that they needed, was the he had amongst the companions? Yes, the correct answer is yes, there was the heart and the wisdom behind there being HD heart for those who asked the question that why was the HD hard when Allah subhanho wa Taala was revealing directly there was no need for anybody to to think the reason why there was HDR was to train the oma for after the death of Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and this is the impetus of having a vision. When you have a

vision, you know what to do, when to do it and how to do it. It's very important. Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was a visionary. He wanted Islam to reach all four corners of the world until the day of gamma. It was in a phase where fear could exist when he was there and jabril was descending and there was no form of succession in terms of looking after the laws of Allah subhanho wa Taala on Earth. So during his time, it was wisdom and hikma that the Sahaba were allowed to practice this concept of HD heart, and this is clear in the statement of more iseven Jabara Viola horn. When Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam send him to Yemen the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa

sallam asked him, What will you do? He says, I will when circumstances arise then my reference will be the Quran he says what if it's not in the Quran? He said this one it says what if you don't find it in the Sunday he says I will do HD hat I will practice observe HDR based on the Quran in the sun, and the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam approve that and we see cases of which the head at the time of our beloved Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam from the Sahaba of the Allahu anhu regimen like when Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to him and he did he had that there are certain rulings that he he he released based on his personal reasoning and this is also manifests in how for

example, Abdullah even amor performed tiamo on a cold night when he was experiencing spiritual or Genova when you spiritually unclean sort of physical cleanliness one case it's a spiritual one right? Well you need to observe. So he observed and observed the Sunnah to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said you're observing the Salah whilst you are in a state of Genova was in a state of ritual impurity. He says, I remember the words of Allah subhanho wa Taala. When I talk to Allah subhanho wa Taala said, and do not kill yourselves. So it was a cold night, and he feared if I use this water, I will have myself greatly observed he had he goes I remember that. That's observed. Mmm

and the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam smile, that hamdulillah There we go. This is the training that's now starting to flower and come into effect. These are the flag bearers of after my passing. So fic or HD had was observed by the companions of Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wasallam. Just like also when the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam after the zurb when blucora they had a contract with Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wasallam but what did they do? They broke that contract and allowed some of the zap or some groups and entry from behind, right to attack the believers but Allah subhanho wa Taala Allah made their plot fail. When Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam

understood that this is what Belo Craver did. He said no one should read Serato roster until you reach a new career. So as they went on the journey to buy new Kaurava what happened the sun began to set so a group of them said that stopped the journey observe saara Allah subhanho wa Taala said in a salata cabinet mini Nikita makuta right Salah has been placed at a fixed and prescribed time The sun is setting the time of asset is ending. Let's observe Salah another group said no today so that is not based on the sun setting. So that also is based on us reaching blucora because the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said do not observe Salah until you reach so the first group said no,

what the prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam meant by that was that we rush towards when you see what happens when somebody says something and then you understand something which he probably didn't intend what we said earlier how important it is to study with the scholars. So this was each Jihad happening. So something he hadn't observed this or that, and something he hadn't observed when there is no charisma. And when they produced what happened to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam He smiled and said that they were both correct because obviously they both observed he had

Doesn't mean that the truth is many. The truth is only one. The Huck is only one. The Huck is only one but they didn't have to repeat the Salah because they base their ruling on each Jihad and the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam as he said, that if a person does each jihad, and he's correct, then Allah gives him two rewards. And if he's wrong, then he gets one reward. Right? So this was fifth at the time of our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. In summary, in this era, rulings were legislated by the Quran. That's number one. Number two rulings were legislated by the Sunnah. Number three, there was also deduction from the Quran and the Sunnah. This is a summary of at the time of

Muhammad sallallahu alayhi wa sallam